MAIN WEATHER AND CLIMATE TRAITS IN THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE AS OF DECEMBER 2024
Air temperature
The Year 2024 was the second warmest in the meteorological chronicle since 1891 wherein 2020 was the only year warmer, and was the only year when the annual average air temperature was positive, compared to -0.1° in 2024. This year turned out to be the hottest in the Central, Southern and North-Caucasian Federal Districts as well as in Crimea, its annual average temperature being the second highest for the ETR and the ATR separately, as well as for the North-Western and Siberian Federal Districts.
The annual average air temperature all over Russia save for Wrangel Island in the Chukchi Sea was above-normal, -- one degree above in a significant part of the country, and two or more degrees above in the south-west of the Central region, in certain other south-western territories, in Siberia and partly in the Arctic.
In Russia, the monthly-averaged temperatures recorded in summer as well as in November and December were extremely high. In December, all decade averages were noticeably higher than normal, especially in the Urals, in Siberia and in the south of the Far East where anomalies reached +10…16° or more.
During the month, new temperature maxima were recorded at times in Yakutia, Siberia and Kolyma, in the Russian North, on the islands in the Arctic Ocean and in the Kaliningrad Region. Right amid the winter, the air temperature in the Arctic and the Magadan Region was positive now and then.
MAIN WEATHER AND CLIMATE TRAITS IN THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE AS OF NOVEMBER 2024
Air temperature
In the first decade of the month, abnormal heat with decade-averaged temperatures 4-10° higher than normal prevailed almost everywhere in Siberia, repeatedly setting new daily temperature maxima in the Novosibirsk, Tomsk and Kemerovo Regions in Western Siberia, and surpassing old November maxima by more than +10° in a number of locations. At the end of the decade, the heat returned to the south of Primorye, accompanied by record-breaking temperatures as well. But in the rest of Russia, the average temperatures were about normal, except for the coastal regions of the Russian North where they were 2° lower than usual, and for the north-east of the country where the anomalies reached -2…-4°.
In the second decade, Atlantic warmth came to the ETR and set new daily temperature maxima in the Non-Black Earth region. Warm weather persisted in Siberia and advanced further eastward as far as to the Sea of Okhotsk, binging new temperature highs to Trans-Baikal. This decade, the weather colder than usual was only observed on the Arctic coast, from Yamal to Chukotka: there, the decade-averaged temperature anomalies were -2…-6°.
In the third decade, unprecedented warmth covered almost all of Russia: new temperature maxima were recorded in the midland part, in the Russian North, in the Urals, in the Amur River Region and in Kolyma. The decade-averaged temperature anomalies exceeded 6-12°.